|
The Semantic Web is an extension of the Web through standards by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=XML and Semantic Web W3C Standards Timeline )〕 The standards promote common data formats and exchange protocols on the Web, most fundamentally the Resource Description Framework (RDF). According to the W3C, "The Semantic Web provides a common framework that allows data to be shared and reused across application, enterprise, and community boundaries".〔 The term was coined by Tim Berners-Lee for a web of data that can be processed by machines.〔 While its critics have questioned its feasibility, proponents argue that applications in industry, biology and human sciences research have already proven the validity of the original concept. The 2001 ''Scientific American'' article by Berners-Lee, Hendler, and Lassila described an expected evolution of the existing Web to a Semantic Web. In 2006, Berners-Lee and colleagues stated that: "This simple idea…remains largely unrealized". In 2013, more than four million Web domains contained Semantic Web markup. == Example == In the following example, the text 'Paul Schuster was born in Dresden' on a Website will be annotated, connecting a person with its place of birth. The following HTML-fragment shows, how a small graph is being described, in RDFa-syntax using schema.org vocabulary and a Wikidata ID: Paul Schuster was born in Dresden. The example defines the following five triples (shown in Turtle Syntax). Each triple represents one edge in the resulting graph: the first element of the triple (the ''subject'') is the name of the node where the edge starts, the second element (the ''predicate'') the type of the edge, and the last and third element (the ''object'') either the name of the node where the edge ends or a literal value (e.g. a text, a number, etc.). _:a _:a _:a The triples result in the graph shown in the given figure. One of the advantages of using URIs is that they can be dereferenced using the HTTP protocol. According to the so-called Linked Open Data principles, such a dereferenced URI should result in a document that offers further data about the given URI. In this example, all URIs, both for edges and nodes (e.g. The second graph shows the previous example, but now enriched with a few of the triples from the documents that result from dereferencing Additionally to the edges given in the involved documents explicitly, edges can be automatically inferred: the triple _:a from the original RDFa fragment and the triple from the document at _:a 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Semantic Web」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|